Personality genetics

ABSTRACT

The present invention provides a novel approach to matching personality traits, as determined through observational or self-assessment reporting in combination with specific loci and identifiable variations within an individual&#39;s nucleotide sequence in the form of SNPs. The present invention further utilizes an individual&#39;s cyber footprint, in combination with SNPs and traditional assessment and self-assessment techniques, to define a testing and reinforcement mechanism for strengthening the interdependence and accuracy of each type of reporting in order to bolster the reliability of each alone and in combination.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to contextualized genetics testing andvaluation that combines direct observation, self-assessment andidentified and identifiable genetically heritable traits in order tomore accurately define and describe the components of an individual'spersonality makeup and to delineate and describe degrees ofcompatibility between individuals.

BACKGROUND

Personality, according to the American Psychological Association, refersto individual differences in characteristic patterns of thinking,feeling and behaving. And, as most experts agree, differences in anindividual's personalities is a mix of both internal (genetic) forcesand external (environmental) forces. Unfortunately, to what degree eachforce influences an individual is amorphous at best and to date has onlybeen described through ill-defined measurements relying on either (1)direct observation or (2) self-reporting, the primary means almostentirely being the latter in the form of subjective self-assessment.

While self-assessment is an invaluable tool for improvement in one's ownlife and in terms of evaluating an individual's interpersonal andprofessional life, self-analyzing, through self-assessment testing, yetcontains intrinsic conflicts and biases that are inherently incorporatedinto such testing's diagnostic model. Individuals may fall prey to anynumber of conscious and subconscious influencers that conflate theresults, underrepresent certain factors within the testing model andbring into question these test's validity and reliability.

Yet, despite this variability of results and imprecise mechanics, thedependence upon self-assessment models has experienced no decrease inreliance and use among those individuals and institutions seeking todefine and utilize personality assessments in order to direct andinfluence hiring and placement metrics and to facilitate employeecongruence within each particular institution. Indeed, corporationslarge and small, colleges and governmental entities spend hundreds ofthousands of dollars every year testing and evaluating their employees,students, and/or job candidates for their motivations, preferences,interests, and styles of interaction in order to more accuratelydetermine each individual's personality type via self-reportinginventories (i.e. questionnaires). This assessment helps the individualand the entities see where individuals may flourish both professionallyand/or personally (or both professionally and personally) which in turnmanifests as increased job satisfaction and, correspondingly, increasedproductivity. These tests include, but are not limited to, theMyers-Briggs Type Indicator® (MBTI®), the 16 Personality Factor (PF)test, the Big-Five Factor Markers personality test, and the BirkmanPersonality and Career Assessment. These tests are executed throughquestionnaires that are heavily weighted toward an individual's,self-assessment, self-awareness and self-reporting. These individualsand entities, however, have been obliged to accept results of a testthat contains highly subjective reporting which, based on the answersprovided, has a potentially large degree of rate of error that maycreate and cause bias in both the test-taker and the testadministrator/evaluator. Manifestly, test takers may be influenced toanswer the personality assessment questions in a way that they believewill produce a report that is in favor of the position the test takeraspires to hold or influence the test giver in a way favorable to thetest taker.

Moreover, these self-reporting inventories carry with themselves a highdegree of dependence and reliance by the test giver (or resultsrecipient) that produces results on a limited acceptable range ofpersonality types (typically 5 to 16) with which to make any number ofsignificant decision in the life and/or work of the individual. Clearly,over-dependence and over-reliance by entities on results with such widevariances and set on such a rigid platform invites simultaneous risksfor both overinclusion and under inclusion.

Yet, as genetic linkages to personality become more evident andverifiable, so too are these linkages establishing themselves as avaluable tool to attaining a more thorough assessment of personalitythat is not only producible but also verifiable and reproducible.Correspondingly, as these discrete genomic areas become identifiable,the knowledge and detection of the origins of singular personalitytraits will allow each individual to pinpoint potential areas of growthand to modify their actions and interactions accordingly. Clearly,advanced or extreme versions of neuroticism, introvertedness, negativeemotionality, emotional instability, disagreeableness, negativism, andnot being open to new experiences are places that, if identified, may beenhanced or restrained according to desired outcome. In this manner suchpersonality assessments can be used to access both one's strengths andweaknesses thereby accentuating one's positive traits whiledeemphasizing and modifying the “negative effects” and negativeconnotations of identified negative traits. By having a clearer idea ofwhat areas necessitating improvement, individuals, schools, andemployers can invest in training and environmental changes that mayfoster growth in these specific areas thus improving individualwell-being, productivity and environmental contentment and overallhappiness.

With advances in genetic understanding and genetic testing from merelythe observational to the scientifically verifiable, genes and geneexpression represent a discrete, identifiable and reproducible means tocorrelate specific genes with certain personality traits. Expressly,genetics has the ability to not only bridge the gap between thesewell-established, but subjective, personality tests (and the completelyhuman experience of biasing test answers and results) and anindividual's personality traits and type, but also to add in detectableand reproducible results in the field of personality psychology.

It has been estimated that a full 30% to 60% of personality can beaccurately predicted from a person's genes, which has the potential tooperate to (1) dispel, test and/or bolster the legitimacy ofself-reported results as a means of accuracy verification, (2) diagnoseinconsistencies between self-reporting and genetic predisposition, (3)lead to stronger question sets, (4) allow for the development oftargeted testing questions, and (5) provide for a feedback loop that canguide the effective integration of both forms of testing—all leading toan increased reliability and enhanced reliance upon personality testsand their results. Likewise, the interdependence between self-assessmentand targeted genetic predispositions has the potential, through afeedback loop described above, to aid in evaluation, understanding andtherapy decisions on a more precise scale and via a more scientificallyexacting manner that aids both patient and clinician.

Unambiguously, it has only become possible, with the advancement of themapping of the entire human genome and the ability to analyze largeamounts of data (i.e. metadata), that scientist have been able to movefrom inheritance studies (measuring genetic linkage within familialstructures) to vastly more informative genome-wide association studies(GWAS) in which human genomes may be compared between any 2 individualsor between and among a group of individuals or groups of groups todetermine the existence and rate of variations in an individual'snucleotide sequence (SNPs) as well as larger variations (e.g.insertions, duplications, and deletions) and the phenotypic consequencesof those variations. Manifestly, any of the aforementioned geneticvariations and/or “mutations” have the potential to change thatindividual's phenotypic, observable and appreciable personality traitsvia discrete changes in that individual's genetic make-up. It is thisdata that has provided the necessary tools to analyze each human genome(and correspondingly a vast number of human genomes) in terms ofconsistencies and inconsistencies and the ability to extrapolate theselarge data sets into appreciable determinates of personality traits andultimately personality itself.

In addition to assessing one's personality, traditionally throughself-assessment questionnaires, and the novel genetic analysis proposedthus far, we can also verify (and possibly determine) personality typeusing cyber footprint meta-data. A cyber footprint includes any activityby an individual recorded by a technological device including but notlimited to, mobile device, computer, and wearable technology. The datawhich a user inputs on social media, records on their Fitbit, or googleson their desktop are all identifiers into who the individual is and whatthey are like. Contextualized genetics is the merger of biology andcyber-activity which can create a more accurate assessment of anindividual from their genotype (nature) and phenotype (nurture). Thisinvention includes the biological assessment of personalities, with orwithout combining meta-data, from the individual's cyber footprint tohave a truly granular, in-depth analysis of who the individual ispredisposed to be (based on genotype) versus how that individualactually is and/or how he or she actually portrays themselves to be.This assessment of personality based on cyber footprint data is at asmaller risk of bias than the above-mentioned questionnaires taken byindividuals who may have both conscious or unconscious objectives in theway they act and respond. The language one uses in social media statusupdates, the amazon products purchased, and the Pinterest categoriesfollowed are more authentic and reliable representations of who a personis as opposed to who they appear to be.

While strides have been made to overcome the inadequacies of linkingpersonality traits with genetic variations and digital (cyber)activities as defined and described through various assessment andself-assessment corroborative tools, it remains evident thatconsiderable failings remain in the field. It is the goal of the presentinvention to remedy these shortcomings as to allow for theidentification and prediction of certain personality traits based,individually, on genetic determinations, assessments and digitalactivity but, more so to rely on all three determinative tools, incombination, to better assist in accurate determinations and for theallowance of each individual tool to increase the predictive capacityand sensitivity of each other contributing tool. It is the furthercomprehension of the delicate operations and functions within andbetween determination tool and their interdependence and reliance uponthe other that will best serve inventor's invention and method of use.

While inventor has set forth the best mode or modes contemplated ofcarrying out the invention known to inventor such to enable a personskilled in the art to practice the present invention, the preferredembodiments are, however, not intended to be limiting, but, on thecontrary, are included in a non-limiting sense apt to alterations andmodifications within the scope and spirit of the disclosure and appendedclaims.

BRIEF SUMMARY

Although advantages of the present invention will become readilyapparent to those skilled in the art from the following detaileddescription, there is described herein certain preferred embodiments ofthe invention and examples for illustrative purposes. Although thefollowing detailed description contains many specific details for thepurposes of illustration, one of ordinary skill in the art willappreciate that many variations and alterations to the following detailsare within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the followingembodiments of the invention are set forth without any loss ofgenerality to, and without imposing limitations upon, the claimedinvention. While embodiments are described in connection with thedescription herein, there is no intent to limit the scope to theembodiments disclosed herein. On the contrary, the intent is to coverall alternatives, modifications, and equivalents.

There are single nucleotide variants (i.e. single nucleotidepolymorphisms or SNPs) in DNA, occurring approximately once in 300nucleotides, that can act as biological markers that can affect genefunction and play a role in (1) predicting an individual's response toexogenous drug compounds, (2) determining an individual's susceptibilityto environmental influencers, (3) evaluating an individual's risk ofdeveloping certain disorders and diseases, and (4) assessing the geneticbasis for a predisposition toward certain personality traits andpersonality types.

While most SNPs have no effect on health or well-being, others, orgroups of others, have proven essential to discovering the genetic basisfor exhibiting certain personality types and traits. These SNPs can becategorized and subdivided into personality trait indicators andpersonality determinates defined, generally, by the Five-Factor Model ofpersonality (a.k.a. The Big Five Personality Traits). It is throughthese distinct five factors ((O) Openness to Experience (i.e. reflectedin intellectual curiosity and creativity), (C) Conscientiousness(depicting structure and discipline), (E) Extraversion (denoting anindividual that is outgoing and engaging), (A) Agreeableness (i.e. anindividual that is warm, friendly and tactful), and (N) Neuroticism(measured by negative feelings including anxiety, depression, dear andfrustration)) where the intersection between genetic makeup andpersonality may be best viewed. Additionally, the inventors seek tomerge this genotyping test of personality SNPs, along with self-reportedpersonality test responses, to more accurately predict self-reportedresults, corroborate self-reported results, efficiently triangulatemulti-nodal results and more fully assess an individual's personality ona wide spectrum of individual and group personalities and personalitytraits.

In general, GWA studies compare two large groups of individuals whereone control group and one experimental group would be genotyped for (1)the majority of known SNPs and (2) specific SNPs that are associatedwith specific personality traits (i.e. those that are associated withone of the Big Five Personality Traits). For each identified SNP in theexperimental group, the allele frequency is determined and compared tothat of the control group. The odds ratio is then calculated where theratio of two odds is determined (the odds of those having thepersonality trait and the allele and those individuals having thepersonality trait without the allele). The results ratio would then beverified with a self-assessment tool (i.e. questionnaire) tosubstantiate the results of the self-assessment tool and to furtherretrospectively increase the accuracy and identification of the genetictesting. It is this reinforcement “feedback loop” that has the greatestpotential for a successfully evolving manner and method of developing asymbiotic relationship between genetic and assessment testing.

Once specific SNPs are identified correlating to degrees of exhibitionof certain identifiable personality traits (i.e. Conscientiousness,Extraversion, Neuroticism, Openness, and Agreeableness), the degree towhich an individual displays those traits are quantified on a scale as apercentage from 0% to 100%. Simply, once identified and given anumerical value, the percentages can be converted to a vector for eachuser and then plotted spatially. As provided for below, the traditionalpersonality traits (Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Neuroticism,Openness, and Agreeableness) are additional accompanied by persistence,which

For example, individual A exhibiting the following traits:

Conscientiousness: 67%

Extraversion: 50%

Neuroticism: 60%

Openness: 35%

Agreeableness: 17%

Persistence: 0%

and

Individual B exhibiting the following traits:

Individual B is

Conscientiousness: 87%

Extraversion: 23%

Neuroticism: 60%

Openness: 35%

Agreeableness: 17%

Persistence: 0%

Where each is converted, spatially, into vector form for each userwhere:

A=[0.67, 0.5, 0.6, 0.35, 0.17, 0]

B=[0.87, 0.23, 0.6, 0.35, 0.17, 0]

The distance between individual plots can then be calculated wherein thesimilarity level S=f (A, B), where S can be scaled to be value between 0to 100%. In the above instance, 0 percent is the least compatible and onhundred percent is the most compatible.

The method of determination can be calculated by a number of meansincluding, but not limited to, cosine similarity, Euclidean distance,related correlations and other like means. By way of example any twothings or data objects, here individuals, may be defined and comparedbased on a variety and any number of factors where similarity (andlikewise dissimilarity) may be determined through the use of analgorithmically defined similarity metric. Two such examples appearbelow:

Cosine Similarity

Examples of determinations of similarity may be derived through CosineSimilarity where coordinates may be plotted as a vector and thesimilarity between the two is expressed as the angle between two vectors(which can be extrapolated to a plurality of data objects/individuals).A perfect correlation will have a score of 1 (or an angle of 0) and nocorrelation will have a score of 0 (or an angle of 90 degrees). Depictedmathematically:

${{similarity}\left( {A,B} \right)} = {\frac{A \cdot B}{{A} \times {B}} = \frac{\sum\limits_{j = 1}^{n}{A_{i} \times B_{i}}}{\sqrt{\sum\limits_{j = 1}^{n}A_{i}^{2}} \times \sqrt{\sum\limits_{j = 1}^{n}B_{i}^{2}}}}$Euclidean Distance

Converting to numerical values, the distance between 2 data objects maybe determined where attributes (i.e. personality traits) of each dataobjects are known, and each is capable of normalization (where each ismeasured as per the same criteria). The Euclidian Distance is thendeterminable via the following equation:

${d\left( {p,q} \right)} = {\sqrt{\left( {p_{1} - q_{1}} \right)^{2} + \left( {p_{2} - q_{2}} \right)^{2} + \ldots + \left( {p_{n} - q_{n}} \right)^{2}} = {\sqrt{\sum\limits_{i = 1}^{n}\left( {p_{i} - q_{i}} \right)^{2}}.}}$

Subtracting each attribute in individual A from the same attribute inindividual B, they are then entered into the above quadrature whereinthe shorter the distance the more similar the individuals are.

And while different methods of determining similarity (i.e.compatibility) exist (e.g. Pearson Coefficient, Jaccard Coefficient,Tanimoto Coefficient etc.), the spatial relation is nonethelessderivable through mathematical computation resulting in ascertainment ofproximity (closeness or distance) of two individuals. It is within thecontemplation of the inventors, though, that multiple means ofcalculation and computation are available to enable the discernment ofindividual affinity and compatibility through comparison of geneticallyidentifiable and quantifiable traits.

And while it has come to be accepted that the heritability ofpersonality is polygenic in nature and that genetic variants on multiplesites are thought to be additive and cumulative versus a single SNPbeing responsible for one identifiable trait, it remains the goal of theinventors to identify the several areas upon the human genome that arethe loci of one to a number of candidate genes that hold promise as anindicator of phenotypic personality traits. Among the strongestassociations to each personality are as follows:

Openness to Experience/Novelty Seeking

Kim et al.¹ studied 1089 Korean woman aged 18-40 and found the followingstrongest areas for association to openness: SNP rs2146180 on Chromosome(CHR) 9 at Base Pair (BP) 8035606, SNP rs1879637 on CHR 2 at BP212576869, SNP rs1561176 on CHR 7 at BP 154639646. While SNP rs4990638has equally received attention in the area of openness to experience.

Terracciano et al.² studied 3972 participants, 2250 women and 1722 men,from Lanusei Valley on the island of Sardinia, Italy and found a closeassociation between SNP rs644148 found on gene ZNF180 on chromosome(CHR) 19 at BP 49662775, SNP rs6610953 on gene FUNDC1 at BP 44156440,SNP rs17819128 on gene CREBL2 at BP 12652926, SNP rs9291420 on gene MISTat BP 10169156, SNP rs1037791 on gene TSPAN13 at BP 16597902 and SNPrs586281 on CHR 1 at BP 182931141. Other SNPs with a likely biologicalrelevance include rs10251794, rs9342730, and rs16895223.

De Moor et al.³ conducted a meta-analysis of genome wide associationdata of some 20,669 individuals of European ancestry where SNPsrs1477268 and rs2032794 near the RASA 1 gene on CHR 5 point to areaswith a scientifically significant probability related to openness toexperience.

Verwij et al.⁴ examined the genotypic information from 5117 participants(1727 males and 3390 females) to study Cloniger's temperament scale inorder to identify genetic variants underlying personality traits. Theinvestigators found 7 SNPs (within the top 50 SNPs) that were stronglyassociated with Novelty Seeking (which the inventors have equated withOpenness of the Big Five Personality Test). Those locations are asfollows:

-   -   SNP rs4131099 on CHR 16 at BP location 51330531    -   SNP rs3120665 on CHR 1 at BP location 152316590    -   SNP rs961831 on CHR 9 at BP location 22362104    -   SNP rs1533665 on CHR 15 at BP location 78530940    -   SNP rs10176705 on CHR 2 at BP location 50744774    -   SNP rs1835856 on CHR 3 at BP location 116491672    -   SNP rs7588898 on CHR 2 at BP location 68041842        Conscientiousness

As above, Kim et al.¹ considered not only locations for determination ofOpenness but further discussed various points on the genome forconscientiousness as well. To this point Kim et al. has cited SNPrs4642987 on CHR 10 at BP location 93711005, SNP rs375092 on CHR 7 at BPlocation 23381148, and SNP 1873386 on CHR 12 at BP location 18899246 asevidencing the highest correlation to a conscientiousness personalitytrait.

Terracciano et al.² lists SNP rs11626232 on gene SMOC1 on CHR 14 and BPlocation 69557149, SNP rs10953555 on gene LAMB1 on CHR 7 and BP location107175297, SNP rs17006841 on gene MRPS18C on CHR 4 and BP location84734382, SNP rs2835731 on gene DYRK1A on CHR 21 and BP location37718598, SNP rs13070781 on gene EIF4E3 on CHR 3 and BP location71836676, and SNP rs10945200 on gene COL19A1 on CHR 6 and BP 70948461 atthe top of associations identified in their SardiNIA GWA study.

De Moor³ has as well found statistically significant results confirmingan association for conscientiousness in the KATNAL2 gene on SNPrs2576037 on CHR 18 at BP 47059049.

Lo et al.⁵ established a well-founded association with SNP rs3814424 andconscientiousness.

Extraversion

Kim et al.¹ found that SNP rs6791874 had the highest-ranked associationSNP consistently present but fell below the researchers P-valuethreshold. SNP rs17635977 and rs4783307 were not shown to be linked toextraversion by Kim, despite previous reports.

Terracciano et al.² found several areas of association that carried withthem varying degrees of connection with extraversion including: SNPrs904208, SNP rs2813838, SNP rs11030064, SNP rs16831315, SNP rs4562724,SNP rs644148, SNP rs17635977, SNP rs4783307, SNP rs8056579, SNPrs928114, SNP rs17786591 and SNP rs6265.

Lo et al.⁵ describes SNP rs57590327, rs2164273, rs6481128, rs1426371,and rs7498702 as those related to those areas found to exhibit variantssignificantly associated with personality traits most closely associatedwith extraversion. Lo et al. likewise found significant loci on 12q23.3on WSCD2 and identifiable regions near PCDH15 (a member of the cadherinsuperfamily) and in L3MBTL2 (gene associated with schizophrenia).

Agreeableness

Kim et al.¹ described SNP rs4833624, SNP rs12934132, SNP rs9611312, SNPrs2087017, SNP rs16923100, and SNP rs11219218 as showing the strongestassociation with agreeableness.

Terracciano et al.² identified in the SardiNIA GWA analysis SNPrs1380251, SNP rs2540226, SNP rs6832769, SNP rs602041, SNP 9940706, SNP11223249, SNP rs2861913, SNP rs10118853, SNP rs7637878 and SNP rs1801260as being more closely related to agreeableness.

Neuroticism

Perhaps the best studied of the five personality traits isneuroticism—in all likelihood due to its close relation to the negativeeffects of neuroticism and the number of diagnosable psychiatric andemotional disturbances that are linked to this specific personalitytrait that exist on a continuum between phenotypic and genotypicexpressions (taking in consideration environmental factors). In fact, Loet al.⁵, holds neuroticism out as being inversely proportional to theother four personality traits, which are all positively correlated.

Kim et al.¹ designates SNP rs10106540 3 SNPs: rs265981, rs686, and SNPrs4532 and SNP rs12601685 (exhibiting the strongest signal) as having aclose association with neuroticism.

Terracciano et al.² describes both SNP rs362584 and SNP rs1849710 ashaving the strongest association with neuroticism. As well, Terraccianohas shown associations of neuroticism with SNPs rs6047641, rs1159275,rs7329003, and rs2039528.

Lo et al.⁵ detected the strongest association with neuroticism within asub region of 8p23.1 Further Lo et al.⁵ found a variant in L3MBTL2 withgenome-wide corroborated significant associations. Specifically, Lo etal.⁵ discovered associations with neuroticism with SNPs rs6981523 andrs9611519.

Finally, Okbay et al.⁶ identified several SNPs (rs2572431, rs193236081,rs10960103, rs4938021, rs139237746, rs1557341, rs12938775, rs12961969,rs35688236, rs2150462, and rs12903563) as harboring genome-widesignificant associations with neuroticism.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

A detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention aredisclosed and described below. Yet, each and every possible embodiment,within the limits of the specification, are not disclosed as variouspermutations are postulated to be in the purview and contemplation ofthose having skill in the art. It is therefore possible for those havingskill in the art to practice the disclosed invention while observingthat certain concepts and conceptualizations are relative and capable ofbeing interpreted in one of a number of ways that nonethelessaccomplishes the identification and remuneration of one or more of theinfirmities as outlined and discussed above in the field of personalitytraits.

Equally, it should be observed that the present invention can beunderstood, in terms of function, from the accompanying disclosure takenin context with the claims. And whereas the present invention and methodof use are capable of several different embodiments, which can bearranged and rearranged into several configurations, which allows formixing and matching of features and components, each may exhibitaccompanying interchangeable functionalities, which may be employed,without departing from the scope and spirit of the present applicationas disclosed and described.

It is a goal of inventors to provide a genetic basis of personalitydetermination based on four criteria (1) determination of a correlationbetween identified genetic SNPs and personality traits, (2) current andongoing determinations of a correlation between identified genetic SNPsand personality traits, (3) newly discovered determinations of acorrelation between yet to be identified genetic SNPs and personalitytraits and (4) a combination of all determinations, both previouslydefined and yet to be determined, in an effort to track and specifygenetic determination of personality traits.

It is yet another goal of inventors to provide a genetic basis incombination with an assessment or self-assessment tool in order todetermine the validity of genetic variation in personality determinationand to quantify and qualify the genetic variation responsible for thepresent and absence of certain traits and the frequency and degree towhich these traits occur. As well, assessment and self-assessment toolsmay be used as a means to determine the validity and reliability ofgenetic determinations of a genetic basis for personality determination.

It is another goal of inventors to combine genetic datasets with largedigital datasets such as social media metadata (e.g. cyber footprints ofindividuals) to more fully un-bias the questionnaire results forpersonality and personality traits to arrive at a more comprehensivedetermination of personality types, subtypes and the varied nuances thataccompany all of the complexities of human beings' personalities andpersonality traits. This merger of genetics, cyber footprint andquestionnaire is a novel contextualized genetics testing that will moreaccurately describe and predict an individual's personality.

It is yet another goal of inventors to provide ever strengthening, moreprecise and consistently reproducible results for directly observable,self-reported and genetically derived data analysis, together, as acommunal amalgam that is directed toward an ever improving andenlightened model of genetics-based personality understanding.

It is another goal of inventors to utilize (0) Openness to Experience,(C) Conscientiousness, (E) Extraversion, (A) Agreeableness and (N)Neuroticism as a basis and starting point to better understand thesebroad categories and their derivation form genetic variations andmutations.

It is another goal of inventors to use cyber foot printing andassessment and self-assessment, in combination with geneticdeterminants, where cyber foot printing is used to better understandboth assessment and self-assessment and genetically based personalitydeterminations, assessments and self-assessments are utilized to gain abetter comprehension of cyber foot printing and genetically-basedpersonality determination and genetically-based personalitydeterminations are used to validate and verify assessment,self-assessment and cyber foot printing.

It is still another goal of inventors to delineate and define potentialcompatibility between and among individuals, individuals and groups andgroups and groups through the utilization of contextualized genetics asdescribed above.

These particular embodiments disclosed are merely illustrative, whichmay be apparent to those having skill in the art that they may bemodified in diverse but equivalent manners. It is therefore contemplatedthat these particular embodiments may be altered and modified and thatall such alterations are considered within the scope and spirit of thepresent application. And while these illustrations are of a limitednumber set, it is clear that the invention itself is mutable to anynumber of arrangements, configurations and modifications withoutdeparting from the invention's spirit thereof.

REFERENCES

-   1. Han-Na Kim, Seung-Ju Roh, Yeon Ah Sung, et al. Genome-wide    association study of the five-factor model of personality in young    Korean women. Journal of Human Genetics (2013) 58, 667-674;    doi:10.1038/jhg.2013.75; published online 1 Aug. 2013.-   2. A. Terracciano, S. Sanna, M. Uda, et al. Genome-wide association    scan for five major dimensions of personality. Molecular    Psychiatry (2010) 15, 647-656; doi:10.1038/mp.2008.113; published    online 28 Oct. 2008.-   3. Marleen H. M. de Moor, Paul T. Costa, Antonio Terracciano. et al.    Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies for personality.    Molecular Psychiatry (2012) 17, 337-349; doi:10.1038/mp.2010.128;    published online 21 Dec. 2010.-   4. Verweij K J, Zietsch B P, Medland S E et al. A genome-wide    association study of Cloninger's temperament scales: implications    for the evolutionary genetics of personality. Biological Psychology.    2010 October; 85(2):306-17. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2010.07.018.    Epub 2010 Aug. 4.-   5. Min-Tzu Lo, David A. Hinds, Joyce Y. Tung et al. Genome-wide    analyses for personality traits identify six genomic loci and show    correlations with psychiatric disorders. Nature Genetics. 2017    January; 49(1): 152-156. Published online 2016 Dec. 5. doi:    10.1038/ng.3736-   6. Aysu Okbay, Bart M L Baselmans, Jan-Emmanuel De Neve, et al.    Genetic variants associated with subjective well-being, depressive    symptoms, and neuroticism identified through genome-wide analyses.    Nat. Genet. 48, 624-633 (2016); published online 18 Apr. 2016;    corrected after print 27 Jun. 2016; corrected after print 29 Aug.    2016

We claim:
 1. A method of matching personality traits, based on specificloci and identifiable variations within an individual's nucleotidesequence in the form of SNPs, in order to establish a range ofcongruence between and among individuals comprising the steps of:collecting a DNA sample from an individual or a plurality ofindividuals; genotyping, sequencing and analyzing said sample or samplesfor isolation and sequencing specific SNPs identified as having acorrelation, positive or negative, to the expression of a degree of aset of 5 personality traits: Conscientiousness, Extraversion,Neuroticism, Openness, and Agreeableness; accessing the SNP profile of adata set of individuals via an open-source genome database; collectingand downloading the nucleotide sequence of the SNP profile of said dataset of individuals and said individual; expressing said personalitytraits as a percentage from 0% to 100%; converting each percentage intoa numerical value; combining numerical values into a numerical valuescore; plotting numerical value score into vector form; comparing eachcollected SNP plotted profile to every other possible SNP plottedprofile collected, downloaded and plotted spatially; determining thedegree of compatibility, via spatial distance, of to said collected,download and plotted SNP profiles as evidenced as a score; comparingsaid individual profile score to every other SNP profile score from apredetermined matrix of scores; and equating compatibility to proximityand spatial distance of each SNP plotted profile.
 2. The method of claim1 wherein the degree of compatibility score is combined withobservational or self-assessment reporting to generate an overallcompatibility score and spectrum of least to greatest degree ofcompatibility.
 3. The method of claim 1, wherein genotyping, sequencingand analyzing of SNPs is achieved by reducing an individual's SNPs downto the genetic sequence, aligning said genomic sequences against oneanother and finding the ratio of congruence and difference between SNPsbetween two individuals.
 4. The method of claim 1 wherein directassessment and/or observational assessment is combined with andindividual's SNP profile score to affirm, corroborate or adjust anindividuals' personality profile through assigning weight of said director observational assessment and SNP profile score.
 5. The method ofclaim 1 wherein sequencing of specific SNPs identified as having acorrelation to certain personality traits, both positively andnegatively, are used to affirm corroborate or adjust direct observationand/or self-assessment tools.
 6. The method of claim 1 wherein directobservation or self-assessment tools are used to affirm corroborate oradjust determinations and correlations of certain personality traitswith certain SNPs.
 7. The method of claim 1 wherein cyber foot printingis used to affirm corroborate or adjust determinations and correlationsof certain personality traits with certain SNPs and direct observationtools and self-assessments.
 8. The method of claim 1 wherein certainSNPs are used to affirm corroborate or adjust determinations andcorrelations of certain personality traits with certain cyber footprintsand direct observation tools.
 9. The method of claim 1 wherein directobservation and self-assessments are used to affirm corroborate oradjust determinations and correlations of certain personality traitswith certain cyber footprints and specific SNPs.
 10. The method of claim1 wherein the distance between individual plots is calculated whereinthe similarity level S=f (A, B), where S can be scaled to be valuebetween 0 to 100% where 0 percent is the least compatible and on hundredpercent is the most compatible.
 11. The method of claim 10 whereinspatial relation equates to affinity and compatibility betweenindividuals.
 12. A method of determining compatibility of individualsthrough contextualized genetics wherein personality traits and degreesof congruence are determinable and determined between and amongindividuals, individuals and groups and groups and groups comprising thesteps of: collecting a DNA sample from an individual, plurality ofindividuals and/or groups; genotyping, sequencing and analyzing saidsamples for isolation and sequencing specific SNPs identified as havinga correlation, positive or negative, to the expression of a degree of aset of 5 personality traits: Conscientiousness, Extraversion,Neuroticism, Openness, and Agreeableness; accessing the SNP profile of adata set of individuals and groups via an open-source genome database;collecting and downloading the nucleotide sequence of the SNP profile ofsaid data set of individuals and groups; expressing said personalitytraits of individuals and groups as a percentage from 0% to 100%;converting each percentage into a numerical value; combining numericalvalues into a numerical value score; plotting numerical value score intovector form; comparing each collected SNP plotted profile to every otherpossible SNP plotted profile collected, downloaded and plottedspatially; determining the degree of compatibility, via spatialdistance, of the said collected, download and plotted SNP profiles asevidenced as a score; and comparing said individual SNP profile score orgroup SNP profile score to every other individual SNP profile or groupSNP profile score from a predetermined matrix of scores.
 13. The methodof claim 12 wherein collected SNP profiles are derived via individual aswell as large data sets and genome-wide association studies (GWAS)information.
 14. The method of claim 13 wherein consistencies andinconsistencies in self-reporting and direct observations, and theability to extrapolate information from these large data sets andgenome-wide association studies (GWAS) into appreciable determinates ofpersonality traits, are based on collected SNP profiles.
 15. The methodof claim 10 wherein determinations of personality traits throughcollected SNP profiles can be corroborated, analyzed and modifiedthrough the collection of cyber foot printing data, direct observationand self-assessment tools.
 16. The method of claim 11 wherein thedistance between individual plots is calculated wherein the similaritylevel S=f (A, B), where S can be scaled to be value between 0 to 100%where 0 percent is the least compatible and on hundred percent is themost compatible.
 17. The method of claim 12 wherein spatial relation anddistance equates to affinity and compatibility between individuals toindividuals, individuals to groups or groups to groups.